Bearing.



Patented July 25, |899.

n w. n. sAnsENT.

BEARING.

(un nodal.) l 2 sheets-sheet 1.

un. 629,395.A A Panama my 25, |399. v'

w. n. SARGENT.

BEARING.

` (Appliempn and me. 189s.)

(llc llode.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

llivrinnV STATES;

PATE-NT om@ VILLIAM DURHAM SARGENT, OFYCHIGAGO, ILLINOIS.

'iesARlNe SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersVl-atent No. 629,395,dated July 25, `1899. Application tiled December 8, 1898.v Serial No.698,671. (No model.)

To ail whom it may concern; Be it known that LWILLIAM DURHAM SAR- GENT,a citizen of the United States,'residing at Chicago, in the county ofCook and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Bearings, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in bearings for shafts, journals,and the like in which strength, longevity, and antifrictional qualitiesare desirable and have heretofore been attained in greater or lessdegree by forming the Wearing-face of the bearing of different kinds ofmaterial, so as to present a composite surface. One kind of bearing inwhichA my invention is of especial value is car-axle-journal bearings,and it is therefore to this class of bearings that I will show myinvention as specially applied. In all such bearings it is essentialthat in securing the With these rends inview the primary'ob' ject rof myinvention is the production of 3a composite bearing of relativelyhardvand soft metals so disposed with relation to each other as to.secure the vmaximum strength, durability, and reduction of frictionland a vsub- A stantially uniform Wearing-surface through 1 Companyingdrawings, in Which-f` Figure l represents a planview of a bearj ingembodying my invention.

cut the life of the bearing. These and such other objects as mayhereinafter appear are` attained by the devices illustrated in the vac'-Fig.l 2 represents a transverse vertical section thereof;

`Fig. 3 rrepresents a detail View of the form in lwhich.' one of.. theymetals is -embedded inv the bearing.. Fig. 4c represents a' transversever-v vtical sectionthrough a bearing, showing'a modified construction;and Fig. 5 represents a perspective view of a portion of the ductiletheA accompanying ing of sufficient thickness to form a proper anduniform Wearing-surface during the life of the bearing. This insert iscomposed of Wrought or ductile metal and is set in the mjld and the castmetal poured around the same so as to not only embed the insert therein,but to permanently secure the same in position, so as to formapractically integral structureof the cast and ductile metal. Theseinsert shall be of suchcharacter that itWill retain its form and assumeits proper position in the body of the bearing during the castingoperation. To this end I prefer to have the insert composed of What` isknown as expanded metal, a'sheet of which is illustrated in Fig. 3.'This expanded metal is formedvby taking a sheet of Wrought orductilemetal and. slitting .it'longitudinally in successive rows, theslits of one row breaking joint or occupyiuga staggered relation tothose of the adjacent rows. ,y When the sheet is properly slitted,fth'est ripsrof metalleft between theslitsare drawn laterally, so as toexpandthe sheet of met-alto'considerablymore than its original width,thisoperation also causing the alternate sides of the opening to be bentinto opposite directions out of the plane ofthe original sheet.Theresnltis an open-Work 'structure somewhatlike wire-netting, butcomposed of Y afsngle integral piece; This metal isnot my inventiombutis a commercial ferred by me, because it best-,answers the purproducttobe found on the market and is preposes lof my invention,although,offcourse, y' otherforms of ductile metal in a nely-divided`state might be employed instead of'this particularproduct 1 I have alsofound it prefer- Y able to havethe expanded metal composed ofphosphor-bronze, which' isthe accepted standard for high-'classbearings, giving the best service, both as to strength and longevity, f

While at the same time possessing the best antifrictional qualities.

1 Inbuilding up an insert Italie any desired l number of sheets of theexpanded-metal and arrange thenrin a laminated pile, as illustrat'ed inFig,i 5, but with the slits or openings in the strips extendingpractically at right angles to each other. This is plainly illustratedat the top of Fig. l, where the top layer of expanded metal is shown ashaving its openings extending substantially longitudinally of thebearing, while in the' layer next below the slits or openings extendtransversely on the bearing, this alternate arrangement continuingthroughout the pile. When this pile is built up and set in a mold, it isapparent at a glance that when the cast metal is poured thereon it mustflow in all directions through the many interstices in and between thelayers of the insert and will thus produce an exceedingly compact,strong, and durable structure in which all of the parts. becomepractically integral.l This arrangement also produces an excellentwearing-surface throughout the life of the bearing, and whilethe ductilemetal of the insert is exposed only in small areas upon dierent pointsofthe Wearing-surface, and therefore presents a iinely-dvided appearanceupon the Wearing-surface of the bearing, at the same time it remainspractically constant in the proportion or amount thereof atthewearing-surface, While each small exposed part of the ductile-metalinsert continually changes in area, as well as in the position upon thesurfaceof the bearing, because of the peculiar angular disposition ofthe various parts of the insert.

In Fig. 4 I have illustrated a modification of my invention in which thebearing is composed of a shell of cast metal, which may be either brassor any other kind ofniet-al, hav- .ing` a chamber formed in the facethereof. InA this chamber in the shell is placed an insert-like thatillustrated in Fig. 5, and the chamber is then filled with Babbitt metalor other like soft antifriction metal or compound which fills theinterstices in and the spaces between the insert, thus making a solidbody ofthe bearing as a whole.

In both forms of my invention herein illustrated the wearing-surface oflthe bearing is composed ofY relatively yhard and soft metal, asinthe onecasethe insert of Yexpanded metal issOfterthan the cast-metal body ofthe-bearing, whilein theother case the insertis harder than theBabbitt-metal filling of the bearing; but as these insertsarenecessarily composed of phosphor-bronze or some other metalpossessing antifriction qualities the desirable re= sults of myinvention are attained. In the forming of the sheets of expanded metalout of the phosphor-bronze, as well as other ma'- terials, the stripsbetween the openings are necessarily bent in both directions from theplane of the sheets, and when these sheets are laid with their strips oropenings extending at substantially right angles to each other inalternate plates there is the maximum uni* form distribution of themetal, and the peculiar angular-ity of the parts of the sheets is suchthat throughout the life of the bearing only small parts of each plateare ever in contact with they journal-that is, exposed upon thewearing-surface of the bearing-at any time, and this beneficial resultis greatly heightened by having the openings in the successive platesdisposed at right angles to each other.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, isf- 1. A bearing composed of castmetal hav.-ing an insert of ductile metal of a finely-divided character, the partsof which are angularly disposed with relation to each other and to thewearing-surface ot' the bearing, substantially as described.

2. A bearing composed ot' cast metal having a ductile-metal insertembedded therein,

ysaid insert being composed of slitted sheets,

the slits in which extend alternately, longitudinally' -`andtransversely of the bearing, substantially as described.

3. A bearing composed of cast metal having aA ductile-metal insertembedded therein, said insert consisting of a laminated pile of sheetsof expanded metal, the openings in each sheet extending at right anglesto those in each adjacent sheet', substantially as described.

VILLIAM DURHAM S ARGENT.

Witnesses:

G. L. Woon, G. Y. DANKWARD.

